Madagascan Big-headed Turtle Erymnochelys madagascariensis | Turtle Species Database | CheloniaTrace
Home / Turtles and Tortoises / Side-necked Turtles / Afro-American Side-necked Turtles Superfamily / Madagascan and South American Side-necked Turtles / Madagascan Big-headed Turtles Subfamily / Madagascan Big-headed Turtles Species / Testudines taxon
Erymnochelys madagascariensis
马岛侧颈龟是侧颈龟科马岛侧颈龟属的唯一现存物种,也是马达加斯加特有的淡水龟类。以其硕大的头部和强壮的颌部而著称,是现存体型最大的侧颈龟之一。
Lineage: Turtles and Tortoises (TESTUDINES) > Side-necked Turtles (PLEURODIRA) > Afro-American Side-necked Turtles Superfamily (PELOMEDUSOIDEA) > Madagascan and South American Side-necked Turtles (PODOCNEMIDIDAE) > Madagascan Big-headed Turtles Subfamily (ERYMNOCHELYINAE) > Madagascan Big-headed Turtles (Erymnochelys) > Madagascan Big-headed Turtle (Erymnochelys madagascariensis). This path helps place the taxon within its family, genus, or species-level context.
Plate page 102
Chinese Name 马达加斯加大头侧颈龟
English Name Madagascan Big-headed Turtle
Scientific Name Erymnochelys madagascariensis 概述 马岛侧颈龟是侧颈龟科马岛侧颈龟属的唯一现存物种,也是马达加斯加特有的淡水龟类。以其硕大的头部和强壮的颌部而著称,是现存体型最大的侧颈龟之一。
趣闻 属名Erymnochelys源自希腊语'erymnos'(坚固)和'chelys'(龟),意指其强壮的颌部可起到防御作用。该种最初被命名为Dumerilia madagascariensis,以纪念法国博物学家André Marie Constant Duméril,但因命名冲突后改为现名。马岛侧颈龟在马达加斯加当地被称为'Rere'。
形态特征 最大背甲长度(SCL)雄性可达45.8 cm,雌性可达43.0 cm。头部巨大,吻部突出,上下颌强而有力,适合咬碎硬壳猎物。背甲高隆,呈褐色或橄榄色,腹甲淡黄色至象牙色。四肢粗壮,具蹼,尾短。
生态习性 栖息于流速缓慢的河流、湖泊和沼泽湿地,喜水底沙泥环境。肉食性为主,捕食鱼类、甲壳类、软体动物及水生昆虫,也会取食水生植物。繁殖期在雨季,雌龟在河岸沙质土壤中挖坑产卵,每窝10-30枚,孵化期约80-100天。
主要威胁与保护 主要威胁包括栖息地破坏、水污染、过度捕捞以及非法贸易。保护措施包括马达加斯加国家法律保护、设立自然保护区以及人工繁育项目,但仍面临严峻生存压力。
自然分布与保护状态 自然分布仅局限于马达加斯加岛西部和南部的河流、湖泊及沼泽地区。历史分布区AOO约为151,139 km²,EOO约为321,408 km²。保护状态:IUCN红色名录列为极危(CR A4d),CITES附录Ⅱ。
Open the source plate This entry is linked to plate page 102. Return to the interactive tree to inspect the high-resolution plate and full AI guide.
Open Taxonomy Tree Calculate a feeding strategy for this taxon Use this species as input for a one-off estimate based on water temperature, weight, and age. Long-term tracking requires the app.
Lineage Order
Turtles and Tortoises
TESTUDINES
Suborder
Side-necked Turtles
PLEURODIRA
Superfamily
Afro-American Side-necked Turtles Superfamily
PELOMEDUSOIDEA
Family
Madagascan and South American Side-necked Turtles
PODOCNEMIDIDAE
Subfamily
Madagascan Big-headed Turtles Subfamily
ERYMNOCHELYINAE
Genus
Madagascan Big-headed Turtles
Erymnochelys
Species
Madagascan Big-headed Turtle
Erymnochelys madagascariensis